The human (Homo sapiens) is a species of simiiform primate in the family Hominidae with cosmopolitan distribution around the world. It is the most widespread and numerous species of primate, easily identifiable by its upright bipedal stance and enlarged cranium. The earliest fossil evidence of the modern human comes from the Chibanian age of the Pleistocene epoch, in approximately 350,000 BCE. Humans are considered culture-forming animals, developing complex societies with rituals, language, and aesthetics which differentiate them from each other. The human is also known for its ability to craft tools, which enables it to build shelter and other protections against the elements. This ability is due to its complex intelligence and dexterous hands, and allows the human to survive in a wide range of habitats. Its scientific…
Cloning is the process of creating a genetically-identical (or almost identical) copy of a living thing, either naturally or through the use of science and technology. The resultant copy of the original organism is called a clone; the term “lusus” is also occasionally used by botanists. In nature, many organisms including bacteria, plants, fungi, and some animals can clone themselves through asexual reproduction; in some species this is the main way they reproduce. Scientists using cellular biotechnology can also create clones, even of species that cannot naturally clone themselves. In science, cloning is a useful way to create laboratory specimens, but in the modern age has also been considered as a way to replenish populations of endangered or extinct species. Artificial cloning is one major component of de-extinction,…
